Method of Extracting Is-A and Part-Of Relations Using Pattern Pairs in Mass Corpus

PACLIC 23 / City University of Hong Kong / 3-5 December 200

In Vitro Chemosensitivity Using the Histoculture Drug Response Assay in Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

The choice of chemotherapeutic drugs to treat patients with epithelial ovarian cancer has not depended on individual patient characteristics. We have investigated the correlation between in vitro chemosensitivity, as determined by the histoculture drug response assay (HDRA), and clinical responses in epithelial ovarian cancer. Fresh tissue samples were obtained from 79 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. The sensitivity of these samples to 11 chemotherapeutic agents was tested using the HDRA method according to established methods, and we analyzed the results retrospectively. HDRA showed that they were more chemosensitive to carboplatin, topotecan and belotecan, with inhibition rates of 49.2%, 44.7%, and 39.7%, respectively, than to cisplatin, the traditional drug of choice in epithelial ovarian cancer. Among the 37 patients with FIGO stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ serous adenocarcinoma who were receiving carboplatin combined with paclitaxel, those with carboplatin-sensitive samples on HDRA had a significantly longer median disease-free interval than patients with carboplatin- resistant samples (23.2 vs. 13.8 months, p＜0.05), but median overall survival did not differ significantly (60.4 vs. 37.3 months, p＝0.621). In conclusion, this study indicates that HDRA could provide useful information for designing individual treatment strategies in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer

Bring More Attention to Syntactic Symmetry for Automatic Postediting of High-Quality Machine Translations

Automatic postediting (APE) is an automated process to refine a given machine translation (MT). Recent findings present that existing APE systems are not good at handling high-quality MTs even for a language pair with abundant data resources, English-to-German: the better the given MT is, the harder it is to decide what parts to edit and how to fix these errors. One possible solution to this problem is to instill deeper knowledge about the target language into the model. Thus, we propose a linguistically motivated method of regularization that is expected to enhance APE models' understanding of the target language: a loss function that encourages symmetric self-attention on the given MT. Our analysis of experimental results demonstrates that the proposed method helps improving the state-of-the-art architecture's APE quality for high-quality MTs.Comment: This paper is presented at ACL 202

Removal of Particulate Matter in a Tubular Wet Electrostatic Precipitator Using a Water Collection Electrode

As one of the effective control devices of air pollutants, the wet electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is an effective technique to eliminate acid mist and fine particles that are re-entrained in a collection electrode. However, its collection efficiency can deteriorate, as its operation is subject to water-induced corrosion of the collection electrode. To overcome this drawback, we modified the wet ESP system with the installation of a PVC dust precipitator wherein water is supplied as a replacement of the collection electrode. With this modification, we were able to construct a compact wet ESP with a small specific collection area (SCA, 0.83 m2/(m3/min)) that can acquire a high collection efficiency of fine particles (99.7%)

SubrenaI CapsuIe Tumor ImpIant Assay with Frozen Tumor Tissue: A Preliminary Study Using Mouse Sareoma and Human Uterine Cervix Cancer

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possibility of application of SHeA to previously frozen tumor tissue. Mouse sarcoma-I80 and human squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix were used as implanting tumor specimens. The fresh tumor specimens were frozen by rapid freezing method and stored in a liquid nitrogen tank. On the 7th day of freezing, the specimens were thawed and diced into 1 cubic millimeter pieces, and implanted beneath the subrenal capsule of ICH mice. The average viabilities before freezing and after thawing were 86.7% and 10.5% in mouse sarcoma-I80 respectively. And those of human uterine cervix cancer were 73.3% and 9.5% respectively. The evaluability of implanted tumor was 83.3% on the 6th day and 73.7% on the 12th day in mouse sarcoma, and in human cervix cancer, 75.0% and 66.7% respectively. The growth of previously frozen implanted mouse sarcoma was significant, 2.1 times on the 6th day and 73.9 times on the 12th day in volume. In the case of cervix cancer, the previously frozen tumor implants also grew significantly, 1.7 times on the 6th day and 2.1 times on the 12th day in volume. In conclusion, this preliminary laboratory study showed that SHCA could be applied to frozen tumor tissue as well as to fresh tissue for chemosensitivity test